Instructional+Design+Models

=Instructional Design Models=

//**What is Instructional Design?**//
Instructional Design is a study to learn what standards, materials, methods, and disciplines work best to provide the desired instruction to the learner, and then implementing them in the classroom. The reason that Instructional design is needed is because in this era where learners have many different ways to gather information outside the classroom, such as television and internet, it is becoming increasingly more difficult for instructors to pass on the desired information to the learners. Instructional Design allows for discerning the needs of the learner, determining the purpose of the instruction, and then finding the best means of transitioning the information to the learner, such as using a multimedia slide show. Instructional Design is important because it allowed for the creation of models, such as the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) process, which guide individuals through the process of creating a evaluating instruction. Instructional Design also reminds us that careful planning and evaluation are always recommended when it comes to discerning a problem in instructing the learner, because a more rapid approach may have unforeseen consequences.

My view on learning is finding ways to keep the audiences attention while still being informative. Students today lose their attention easily, and it becomes increasingly more difficult for teachers to keep them interested in the material. One thing that is certain is that such a problem cannot be ignored. I once had teacher whose idea of class was for her to read from the text while the students listened. By the end of class more than half the students would be asleep, thus learning nothing from the lesson. If one wants to create something that keeps their audience interested as well as be informative, they have to be willing to put in the effort. The approach I plan on taking for this project is the behaviorist approach. I believe it is important to learn what stimuli will best keep the audiences attention, and through a series of trial and error learn how to create a PowerPoint presentation that will easily keep the audience's interest as well as inform them on the subject. I have done this in the past by having mock presentation with a group of friends, then have them critique me on what kept their attention, and what did not.

**Instructional Design**
The ADDIE model is a rather general model that has been used traditionally by instructional designers and developers of certain training methods. What I find most appealing about this model is that the five phases that comprise it-Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation-are an incredibly flexible guideline for any form of instruction. In fact several the models that are currently being used are variations of the ADDIE model.

**Comparison: ADDIE VS. Dick and Carey VS. Block**
Identify Entry Behaviors ||= Entry and Contracting Data Collection and Diagnosis Feedback and Decision to Act || Develop and Select Instructional Material ||= Implementation || Revise Instruction ||= Implementation || Design and Conduct Summative Evaluation ||= Extension, Recycle, and Termination || Notice how the Dick and Carey Model is far more detailed and rigid than the more general ADDIE model. Also notice that the Block model, a model commonly used by consultants, lacks a design or development phase and has only Implementation.
 * = =====**ADDIE**===== ||= =====**Dick and Carey**===== ||= =====**Block**===== ||
 * = Analysis ||= Identify Instructional Goals
 * = Design ||= Write Performance Objective ||= Implementation ||
 * = Development ||= Develop Instructional Strategy
 * = Implementation ||= Develop and Conduct Formative Evaluation
 * = Evaluation ||= Develop Criterion Referenced Tests

In relation to my own project with the ADDIE steps: The goal is to create a PowerPoint presentation that will keep the audiences attention. || Figure out what you want to include that will keep the audiences attention. ||
 * = =====**ADDIE**===== ||= =====**Creating a PowerPoint Presentation**===== ||
 * = Analysis ||= Identify the type of audience your presentation is for, in this case students.
 * = Design ||= Figure out what you want the PowerPoint presentation to explain.
 * = Develop ||= Find a way of combining the information you have on the subject you chose with images/animation you selected to go along with in the Presentation. ||
 * = Implementation ||= Test your presentation in front of a mock audience that will be similar to the audience in your presentation. ||
 * = Evaluation ||= Will conduct evaluation based on feedback from the presentations, and problems encountered by students making PowerPoint presentations. ||